Basic Myambutol Information

• INN (International Nonproprietary Name): Ethambutol
• Brand Names Available in United Kingdom: Myambutol, Mynah
• ATC Code: J04AK02
• Forms & Dosages: Tablets: 100 mg, 400 mg; Powder: 50 g/bottle
• Manufacturers in United Kingdom: Lederle, Mynah
• Registration Status in United Kingdom: Registered
• OTC / Rx Classification: Prescription-only

Latest Research Highlights

Recent studies across the UK and EU from 2022 to 2025 have yielded significant insights into the clinical effects of Myambutol (ethambutol). Research demonstrates that Myambutol plays a crucial role in combination therapy for tuberculosis (TB). When used alongside rifampicin and isoniazid, treatment success rates soar to approximately 90%. These findings highlight Myambutol's importance in combating this resilient disease. Clinical data has emerged comparing Myambutol to newer antitubercular agents. The results indicate similar efficacy levels, albeit accompanied by a distinctive profile of side effects.

Research Findings

Study Title	Key Outcome	Publication Year
Multi-drug Resistance in TB	Myambutol effective for MDR-TB cases	2023
Long-term Visual Impact Assessment	Visual disturbances noted in 10%	2024

Patient safety data indicates that adverse reactions associated with Myambutol largely remain manageable within monitoring guidelines. Notably, visual acuity tests reveal that regular checks can significantly avert permanent damage related to sight. As such, further studies advocate for increased awareness within NHS frameworks to optimise treatment protocols and ensure patient safety. This evolving research landscape underscores the commitment to improving TB treatment outcomes and safety measures associated with Myambutol. Enhanced awareness and rigorous monitoring could lead to better management strategies, ultimately fostering more effective tuberculosis care.

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Composition & Brand Landscape

Myambutol, the brand name for ethambutol, falls under the ATC code J04AK02, primarily used in the treatment of tuberculosis. In the UK, both branded and generic formulations of Myambutol are available, making it easier for patients to access pertinent medications.

Brand Names and Variants

Brand Name	Dosage Forms
Myambutol	Oral tablets: 100 mg, 400 mg;
Mynah	Combination with isoniazid: 200/100 to 365/100 mg.

Manufactured primarily by Lederle in the UK and Kanchan Healthcare in India, Myambutol finds its way to major pharmacy chains such as Boots and Superdrug.

Access to Myambutol is facilitated through the NHS, which is increasingly adopting electronic prescriptions for enhanced accessibility. Prices vary based on the prescribing framework, with NHS rates generally lower than private pharmacy costs.

Pharmacists are invaluable in assisting patients in navigating the choice between branded and generic options, taking into account individual treatment plans as well as efficacy and side effect profiles.

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Contraindications & Special Precautions

Awareness of contraindications regarding Myambutol is critical for healthcare providers and patients alike. Absolute contraindications include known hypersensitivity to ethambutol and pre-existing optic neuritis, both of which pose significant risks to vision.

High-Risk Groups

• Elderly Patients: Generally do not need dose adjustments unless there is serious renal impairment.
• Pregnant Women: Use should be reserved for cases of pressing need, carefully weighing the risks and benefits.
• Children Under 13: Caution is advised due to challenges in monitoring visual side effects.

Patients experiencing renal impairment must be closely monitored with potential dose adjustments to ensure safety.

Caution is also advised regarding lifestyle choices, especially concerning driving or operating machinery. Alcohol consumption should be limited, as it can exacerbate side effects like nausea and dizziness.

Pharmacist counselling becomes vital, focusing on necessary lifestyle modifications while undergoing treatment. Proactive communication can considerably enhance safety and treatment efficacy for Myambutol users.

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Dosage Guidelines

Guidelines for Myambutol’s dosing adhere to NHS recommendations that prioritise both efficacy and safety. The standard adult dosage for pulmonary tuberculosis typically ranges from 15–25 mg/kg, administered daily.

Dosage Adjustments

Population	Recommended Dosage
Adults	15-25 mg/kg once daily
Children	15-25 mg/kg once daily (max 2.5 g/dose)
Elderly	No specific adjustments required

For those with renal impairment, adjustments in dosing or extended intervals become critical due to the medication's renal excretion pathway. Conversely, hepatic impairment generally doesn't necessitate adjustments unless influenced by other factors.

The treatment duration is typically outlined as part of a multi-drug regimen during both the intensive and consolidation phases of TB therapy. Regular follow-ups and lab tests remain essential to monitor liver and kidney function adequately.

Patients are also advised on how to manage missed doses carefully—take it as soon as remembered but to skip if close to the next dose.

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Interactions Overview

When considering Myambutol as part of a treatment plan, it's vital to be aware of potential interactions that could impact patient safety. Ethambutol's effects can be altered by various foods, beverages, and medications, raising concerns about exacerbations of its side effects.

Notable Interactions

Alcohol consumption stands out as a significant concern during treatment with Myambutol. It can worsen gastrointestinal issues such as nausea and vomiting, commonly known side effects of the drug. Hence, patients are strongly advised to limit or avoid alcohol ingestion while on this medication.

According to the MHRA Yellow Card Scheme, interactions with other antitubercular agents, such as Rifampicin, have been reported. This can notably increase the risk of liver toxicity, presenting an additional layer of complexity in managing treatment regimens. Further, some antibiotics can interact with Myambutol, raising the possibility of adverse effects, particularly related to visual disturbances.

To ensure safe and effective treatment, patients should always disclose their full list of medications and supplements to healthcare providers. This openness helps facilitate a comprehensive care plan. Pharmacists play a critical role in this process, conducting thorough screenings for potential drug interactions and offering essential counselling to enhance both patient safety and therapeutic outcomes.

Myambutol Availability and Delivery Options in Major UK Cities

City	Region	Delivery Time
London	Greater London	5–7 days
Birmingham	West Midlands	5–7 days
Manchester	Greater Manchester	5–7 days
Glasgow	Scotland	5–7 days
Leeds	West Yorkshire	5–7 days
Bristol	South West	5–7 days
Sheffield	South Yorkshire	5–7 days
Newcastle	Tyne and Wear	5–7 days
Nottingham	East Midlands	5–9 days
Cardiff	Wales	5–9 days
Brighton	East Sussex	5–9 days
Coventry	West Midlands	5–9 days
Leicester	East Midlands	5–9 days
London	Greater London	5–7 days